Scientists & Staff

Education

• Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, Ph.D. Plant Physiology, 1992
• Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, M.S. Botany, 1985
• Rice University, Houston, TX, B.A. Biology., 1982

Featured Publications & Products

• Smith, James E.; Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2021. Predicting downed woody material carbon stocks in forests of the conterminous United States. Science of The Total Environment
• Hoover, Coeli M.; Smith, James E. 2021. Current aboveground live tree carbon stocks and annual net change in forests of conterminous United States. Carbon Balance and Management
• Smith, James E.; Domke, Grant M.; Nichols, Michael C.; Walters, Brian F. 2019. Carbon stocks and stock change on federal forest lands of the United States. Ecosphere
• Domke, Grant M.; Walters, Brian F.; Nowak, David J.; Smith, James ; Nichols, Michael C.; Ogle, Stephen M.; Coulston, J.W. ; Wirth, T.C. 2021. Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from forest land, woodlands, and urban trees in the United States, 1990-2019. Resource Update FS-307. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 5 p. [plus 2 appendixes].
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S.; Hoover, Coeli M. 2013. Carbon factors and models for forest carbon estimates for the 2005-2011 National Greenhouse Gas Inventories of the United States. Forest Ecology and Management. 307: 7-19.
• Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Azuma, David L.; Waddell, Karen L. 2011. Carbon stocks on forestland of the United States, with emphasis on USDA Forest Service ownership. Ecosphere. 2(1): article 6. 21 p.

Publications & Products

• Lugo, Ariel E.; Smith, James E.; Potter, Kevin M.; Marcano Vega, Humfredo ; Kurtz, Cassandra M. 2022. The contribution of nonnative tree species to the structure and composition of forests in the conterminous United States in comparison with tropical islands in the Pacific and Caribbean. General Technical Report, International Institute of Tropical Forestry
• Domke, Grant M.; Walters, Brian F.; Nowak, David J.; Smith, James ; Ogle, Stephen M.; Coulston, J.W. ; Wirth, T.C. 2020. Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from forest land, woodlands, and urban trees in the United States, 1990-2018. Resource Update FS-227. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 5 p.
• Hoover, Coeli M.; Smith, James E. 2020. Selecting a minimum diameter for forest biomass and carbon estimation: How low should you go?. General Technical Report NRS-196. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 32 p.
• Domke, Grant M.; Walters, Brian F.; Nowak, David J.; Smith, James ; Ogle, Stephen M.; Coulston, John W. 2019. Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from forest land and urban trees in the United States, 1990-2017. Resource Update FS-178. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 4 p.
• Albright, Thomas A.; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lister, Tonya W.; McWilliams, William H.; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; Riemann, Rachel ; Smith, James E.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2018. Ohio Forests 2016. Resour. Bull. NRS-118. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 114 p.
• Meneguzzo, Dacia M.; Haugen, David E.; Walters, Brian F.; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; Piva, Ronald J.; Smith, James E. 2018. Northern Great Plains Forests 2015. Resour. Bull. NRS-116 Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 108 p.
• Ogle, Stephen M.; Domke, Grant; Kurz, Werner A.; Rocha, Marcelo T.; Huffman, Ted; Swan, Amy; Smith, James E.; Woodall, Christopher; Krug, Thelma. 2018. Delineating managed land for reporting national greenhouse gas emissions and removals to the United Nations framework convention on climate change. Carbon Balance and Management
• Albright, Thomas A.; McWilliams, William H.; Widmann, Richard H.; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lehman, Shawn; Lister, Tonya W.; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Riemann, Rachel; Smith, James E. 2017. Pennsylvania forests 2014. Resour. Bull. NRS-111. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 140 p.
• Crocker, Susan J.; Barnett, Charles J.; Butler, Brett J.; Hatfield, Mark A.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lister, Tonya W.; Meneguzzo, Dacia M.; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; Piva, Ronald J.; Riemann, Rachel; Smith, James E.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Zipse, William. 2017. New Jersey Forests 2013. Resour. Bull. NRS-109. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 90 p.
• Crocker, Susan J.; Butler, Brett J.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; McWilliams, William H.; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; Riemann, Rachel I.; Smith, James E.; Westfall, James A.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2017. Illinois Forests 2015. Resour. Bull. NRS-113. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 82 p.
• Hoover, Coeli M.; Smith, James E. 2017. Equivalence of live tree carbon stocks produced by three estimation approaches for forests of the western United States. Forest Ecology and Management
• Hoover, Coeli M.; Smith, James E. 2017. Equivalence among three alternative approaches to estimating live tree carbon stocks in the eastern United States. Forest Ecology and Management
• Lister, Tonya W.; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lister, Andrew J.; Luppold, William G.; McWilliams, William H.; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; Piva, Ronald J.; Riemann, Rachel I.; Smith, James E.; Westfall, James A.; Widmann, Richard H.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2017. Delaware Forests 2013. Resour. Bull. NRS-115. Newtown Square, PA, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 104 p.
• Pugh, Scott A.; Heym, Douglas C.; Butler, Brett J.; Haugen, David E.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; McWilliams, William H.; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; Riemann, Rachel I.; Smith, James E.; Westfall, James A.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2017. Michigan forests 2014. Resour. Bull. NRS-110. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 154 p.
• Smith, James E.; Hoover, Coeli M. 2017. Live tree carbon stock equivalence of fire and fuels extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator and Forest Inventory and Analysis approaches. In: Keyser, Chad E.; Keyser, Tara L., eds. 2017. Proceedings of the 2017 forest vegetation simulator (FVS) e-Conference. e-Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-224. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station: 60-63.
• Domke, Grant M.; Perry, Charles H. (Hobie); Walters, Brian F.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Russell, Matthew B.; Smith, James E. 2016. Estimating litter carbon stocks on forest land in the United States. Science of The Total Environment. 557-558: 469-478.
• Gormanson, Dale D.; Gallion, Joey; Barnett, Charles J.; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lister, Tonya W.; Luppold, William; McWilliams, William; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; O'Connell, Barbara; Perry, Charles H. (Hobie); Riemann, Rachel I.; Piva, Ronald J.; Smith, James E.; Sowers, Paul A.; Westfall, Jim; Woodall, Christopher W. 2016. Indiana Forests 2013. Resour. Bull. NRS-107. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 156 p.
• Hoover, Coeli M.; Smith, James E. 2016. Evaluating revised biomass equations: are some forest types more equivalent than others?. Carbon Balance and Management. 11(1): article 2.
• Miles, Patrick D.; VanderSchaaf, Curtis L.; Barnett, Charles; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Gormanson, Dale D.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lister, Tonya W.; McWilliams, William H.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; Perry, Charles H. (Hobie); Riemann, Rachel I.; Smith, James E.; Walters, Brian F.; Westfall, Jim; Woodall, Christopher W. 2016. Minnesota Forests 2013. Resource Bulletin NRS-104. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 134 p.
• Morin, Randall S.; Cook, Gregory W.; Barnett, Charles J.; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Hatfield, Mark A.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lister, Tonya W.; Luppold, William G.; McWilliams, William H.; Miles, Patrick D.; Nelson, Mark D.; Perry, Charles H. (Hobie); Piva, Ronald J.; Smith, James E.; Westfall, Jim; Widmann, Richard H.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2016. West Virginia Forests 2013. Resour. Bull. NRS-105. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 128 p.
• Nelson, Mark D.; Barnett, Charles J.; Brewer, Matt; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Domke, Grant M.; Gormanson, Dale D.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lister, Tonya W.; Matthews, Stephen; McWilliams, William H.; Meneguzzo, Dacia M.; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Piva, Ronald J.; Riemann, Rachel; Smith, James E.; Walters, Brian F.; Westfall, Jim; Woodall, Christopher W. 2016. Iowa Forests, 2013. Resour. Bull. NRS-102. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 124 p.
• Piva, Ronald J.; Treiman, Thomas B.; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Gormanson, Dale D.; Griffith, Douglas M.; Kurtz, Cassandra M.; Lister, Tonya W.; Luppold, William G.; McWilliams, William H.; Miles, Patrick D.; Morin, Randall S.; Nelson, Mark D.; Perry, Charles H. (Hobie); Riemann, Rachel; Smith, James E.; Walters, Brian F.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2016. Missouri Forests 2013. Resour. Bull. NRS-108. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 116 p.
• Ogle, Stephen M; Davis, Kenneth; Lauvaux, Thomas; Schuh, Andrew; Cooley, Dan; West, Tristram O; Heath, Linda S; Miles, Natasha L; Richardson, Scott; Breidt, F Jay; Smith, James E; McCarty, Jessica L; Gurney, Kevin R; Tans, Pieter; Denning, A Scott. 2015. An approach for verifying biogenic greenhouse gas emissions inventories with atmospheric CO₂ concentration data. Environmental Research Letters. 10(3): 034012.
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2015. Measuring and modeling carbon stock change estimates for US forests and uncertainties from apparent inter-annual variability. In: Del Grosso, S.; Parton, W. Ahuja, L., eds. Synthesis and modeling of greenhouse gas emissions and carbon storage in agricultural and forest systems to guide mitigation and adaptation. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Inc., and Soil Science Society of America: 17 p.
• Woodall, Christopher W.; Coulston, John W.; Domke, Grant M.; Walters, Brian F.; Wear, David N.; Smith, James E.; Andersen, Hans-Erik; Clough, Brian J.; Cohen, Warren B.; Griffith, Douglas M.; Hagen, Stephen C.; Hanou, Ian S.; Nichols, Michael C.; Perry, Charles H. (Hobie); Russell, Matthew B.; Westfall, Jim; Wilson, Barry T. (Ty). 2015. The U.S. forest carbon accounting framework: stocks and stock change, 1990-2016. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-154. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 49 p.
• Hoover, Coeli; Birdsey, Richard; Goines, Bruce; Lahm, Peter; Fan, Yongming; Nowak, David; Prisley, Stephen; Reinhardt, Elizabeth; Skog, Ken; Skole, David; Smith, James; Trettin, Carl; Woodall, Christopher. 2014. Chapter 6: quantifying greenhouse gas sources and sinks in managed forest systems. In: Eve, M.; Pape, D.; Flugge, M.; Steele, R.; Man, D.; Riley-Gilbert, M.; Biggar, S. Quantifying greenhouse gas fluxes in agriculture and forestry: Methods for entity-scale inventory. Tech. Bull. 1939. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Chief Economist: 6-1-6.114.
• Smith, James L.; Swaty, Randy ; Blankenship, Kori ; Hagen, Sarah ; Patton, Jeannie. 2014. LANDFIRE in the Appalachians. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-199. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 208 p.
• Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Walters, Brian F.; Smith, James E. 2013. From Models to Measurements: Comparing Downed Dead Wood Carbon Stock Estimates in the U.S. Forest Inventory. PLoS ONE 8(3): e59949. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059949
• Woodall, Christopher W.; Waddell, Karen L.; Oswalt, Christopher M.; Smith, James E. 2013. Standing dead tree resources in forests of the United States. In: Potter, Kevin M.; Conkling, Barbara L., eds. 2013. Forest Health Monitoring: national status, trends, and analysis 2010. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-GTR-176. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 85-94.
• Zheng, Daolan; Heath, Linda S.; Ducey, Mark J.; Smith, James E. 2013. Forest carbon dynamics associated with growth and disturbances in Oklahoma and Texas, 1992-2006. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry. 37(4): 216-225.
• Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W.; McRoberts, Ronald E.; Smith, James E.; Hatfield, Mark A. 2012. Assessing estimation techniques for missing plot observations in the U.S. forest inventory. In: Morin, Randall S.; Liknes, Greg C., comps. Moving from status to trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) symposium 2012; 2012 December 4-6; Baltimore, MD. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-105. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. [CD-ROM]: 177-181.
• Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Smith, James E. 2012. Recent changes in the estimation of standing dead tree biomass and carbon stocks in the U.S. forest inventory. In: Morin, Randall S.; Liknes, Greg C., comps. Moving from status to trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) symposium 2012; 2012 December 4-6; Baltimore, MD. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-105. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. [CD-ROM]: 164-169.
• Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Smith, James E.; Westfall, James A.; McRoberts, Ronald E. 2012. Consequences of alternative tree-level biomass estimation procedures on U.S. forest carbon stock estimates. Forest Ecology and Management. 270(15): 108-116.
• Hoover, Coeli M.; Smith, James E. 2012. Site productivity and forest carbon stocks in the United States: Analysis and implications for forest offset project planning. Forests. 3: 283-299.
• Woodall, Christopher W.; Smith, James E.; Domke, Grant M.; Healey, Sean P.; Coulston, John W.; Gray, Andrew N. 2012. Technical aspects of the forest carbon inventory of the United States: recent past and near future. In: Morin, Randall S.; Liknes, Greg C., comps. Moving from status to trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) symposium 2012; 2012 December 4-6; Baltimore, MD. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-105. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. [CD-ROM]: 161-163.
• Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Smith, James E. 2011. Accounting for density reduction and structural loss in standing dead trees: Implications for forest biomass and carbon stock estimates in the United States. Carbon Balance and Management. 6:14. [11 p.]
• Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E.; Skog, Kenneth E.; Nowak, David J.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2011. Managed forest carbon estimates for the US greenhouse gas inventory, 1990-2008. Journal of Forestry. 109(3): 167-173.
• Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Azuma, Dave; Waddell, Karen L. 2011. Carbon stocks on forestland of the United States, with emphaisis on USDA Forest Service ownership. Ecosphere. 2(1): 1-21
• Zheng, Daolan; Heath, Linda S.; Ducey, Mark J.; Smith, James E. 2011. Effects of land use/cover change and harvests on forest carbon dynamics in northern states of the United States from remote sensing and inventory data: 1992-2001. Forest Science. 57(6): 525-534.
• Zheng, Daolan; Heath, Linda S.; Ducey, Mark J.; Smith, James E. 2011. Carbon changes in conterminous US forests associated with growth and major disturbances: 1992-2001. Environmental Research Letters. 6(1) 014012. 10 p.
• Heath, Linda S.; Maltby, Van; Miner, Reid; Skog, Kenneth E.; Smith, James E.; Unwin, Jay; Upton, Brad. 2010. Greenhouse gas and carbon profile of the U.S. forest products industry value chain. Environmental Science and Technology. 44: 3999-4005.
• Heath, Linda S.; Nichols, Michael C.; Smith, James E.; Mills, John R. 2010. FORCARB2: An updated version of the U.S. Forest Carbon Budget Model. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-67. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 52 p. [CD-ROM].
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2010. Exploring the assumed invariance of implied emission factors for forest biomass in greenhouse gas inventories. Environmental Science and Policy. 13: 55-62.
• Heath, Linda S.; Hansen, Mark; Smith, James E.; Miles, Patrick D. 2009. Investigation into calculating tree biomass and carbon in the FIADB using a biomass expansion factor approach. In: McWilliams, Will; Moisen, Gretchen; Czaplewski, Ray, comps. Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Symposium 2008; October 21-23, 2008; Park City, UT. Proc. RMRS-P-56CD. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 26 p.
• Woodall, Christopher W.; Smith, James E.; Miles, Patrick D. 2009. Attributes of standing dead trees in forests of the United States. In: McRoberts, Ronald E.; Reams, Gregory A.; Van Deusen, Paul C.; McWilliams, William H., eds. Proceedings of the eighth annual forest inventory and analysis symposium; 2006 October 16-19; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Report WO-79. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 191-196.
• Zheng, Daolan; Heath, L.S.; Ducey, M.J.; Smith, J.E. 2009. Quantifying scaling effects on satellite-derived forest area estimates for the conterminous USA. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 30(12): 3097-3114.
• Zheng, Daolan; Heath, Linda S.; Ducey, Mark J.; Smith, James E. 2009. A preliminary investigation of forest carbon changes associated with land-use change in northern New England. In: McWilliams, Will; Moisen, Gretchen; Czaplewski, Ray, comps. Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Symposium 2008; October 21-23, 2008; Park City, UT. Proc. RMRS-P-56CD. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 11 p.
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2008. Carbon stocks and stock changes in U.S. forests. In: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Agriculture and Forestry Greenhouse Gas Inventory: 1990-2005. Technical Bulletin No. 1921. Washington, DC: Office of the Chief Economist: 65-80, C1-C7.
• Woodall, C.W.; Heath, L.S.; Smith, J.E. 2008. National inventories of down and dead woody material forest carbon stocks in the United States: Challenges and opportunities. Forest Ecology and Management. 256: 221-228.
• Bray, Alicia M.; Bauer, Leah S.; Haack, Robert A.; Poland, Therese; Smith, James J. 2007. Invasion Genetics of Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis FAIRMAIRE) in North America. In: Bentz, Barbara; Cognato, Anthony; Raffa, Kenneth, eds. Proceedings from the Third Workshop on Genetics of Bark Beetles and Associated Microorganisms. Proc. RMRS-P-45. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. p. 21-22
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S.; Nichols, Michael C. 2007. US forest carbon calculation tool: forest-land carbon stocks and net annual stock change. Revised. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-13. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 34 p. [DVD-ROM].
• Woodbury, Peter B.; Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E. 2007. Effects of land use change on soil carbon cycling in the conterminous United States from 1900 to 2050. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 21: GB3006. [unpaginated].
• Woodbury, Peter B.; Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2007. Carbon sequestration in the U.S. forest sector from 1990 to 2010. Forest Ecology and Management. 241: 14-27.
• Ryan, Kevin C.; Lee, Kristine M.; Rollins, Matthew G.; Zhu, Zhiliang; Smith, James; Johnson, Darren. 2006. Landfire: Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools Project. In: Andrews, Patricia L.; Butler, Bret W., comps. 2006. Fuels Management-How to Measure Success: Conference Proceedings. 28-30 March 2006; Portland, OR. Proceedings RMRS-P-41. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. p. 193-200
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S.; Skog, Kenneth E.; Birdsey, Richard A. 2006. Methods for calculating forest ecosystem and harvested carbon with standard estimates for forest types of the United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-343. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 216 p.
• Woodbury, Peter B.; Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E. 2006. Land use change effects on forest carbon cycling throughout the southern United States. Journal of Environmental Quality 35:1348-1363
• Proctor, Patrick; Heath, Linda S.; Van Deusen, Paul C.; Gove, Jeffery H.; Smith, James E. 2005. COLE: A Web-based Tool for Interfacing with Forest Inventory Data. In: McRoberts, Ronald E.; Reams, Gregory A.; Van Deusen, Paul C.; McWilliams, William H.; Cieszewski, Chris J., eds. Proceedings of the fourth annual forest inventory and analysis symposium; Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-252. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 167-172
• Spinney, Michael P.; Van Deusen, Paul C.; Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E. 2005. COLE: Carbon On-line Estimator, Version 2. In: Kenefic, Laura S.; Twery, Mark J., eds. Changing Forests - Challenging Times: Proceedings of the New England Society of American Foresters 85th Winter Meeting; 2005 March 16-18; Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-325. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station: 28
• Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E. 2004. Criterion 5, Indicator 27: contribution of forest ecosystems of the total global carbon budget, including absorption and release of carbon. In: Darr, David R., coord. Data report: a supplement of the national report on sustainable forests--2003. FS-766A. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 7 p. http://www.fs.fed.us/research/sustain/contents.htm
• Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E. 2004. Criterion 5, Indicator 26: total forest ecosystem biomass and carbon pool, and if appropriate, by forest type, age class and successional change. In: Darr, David R., coord. Data report: a supplement of the national report on sustainable forests--2003. FS-766A. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 14 p. http://www.fs.fed.us/research/sustain/contents.htm
• Mickler, Robert A.; Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2004. Forest carbon trends in the Southern United States. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS?75. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. Chapter 33. p. 383-394.
• Skog, Kenneth E.; Pingoud, Kim; Smith, James E. 2004. A method countries can use to estimate changes in carbon stored in harvested wood products and the uncertainty of such estimates. Environmental Management. 33(Supplement 1): S65-S73.
• Skog, Kenneth E.; Pingoud, Kim; Smith, James E. 2004. A method countries can use to estimate changes in carbon stored in harvested wood products and the uncertainty of such estimates. Environmental management. Vol. 33, suppl. 1 (2004): Pages S65-S73
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2004. Carbon Stocks and Projections on Public Forestlands in the United States, 1952-2040. Environmental Managment. 33(4): 433-442.
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S.; Woodbury, Peter B. 2004. How to estimate forest carbon for large areas from inventory data. Journal of Forestry. July/August: 25-31.
• Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E.; Birdsey, Richard A. 2003. Carbon trends in U.S. forestlands: a context for the role of soils in forest carbon sequestration. In: Kimble, J.M.; Heath, Linda S.; Birdsey, Richard A.; Lal, R., eds. The potential of U.S. forest soils to sequester carbon and mitigate the greenhouse effect. Boca Raton: CRC Press: 35-45.
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S.; Jenkins, Jennifer C. 2003. Forest volume-to-biomass models and estimates of mass for live and standing dead trees of U.S. forests.. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-298. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 57 p.
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2002. A model of forest floor carbon mass for United States forest types. Res. Pap. NE-722. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 37 p.
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2001. Identifying influences on model uncertainty: an application using a forest carbon budget model. Environmental Management. 27(2): 253-267.
• Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E. 2000. An assessment of uncertainty in forest carbon budget projections. Environmental Science and Policy. 3: 73-82.
• Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E. 2000. Soil carbon accounting and assumptions for forestry and forest-related land use change. In: Joyce, Linda A.; Birdsey, Richard, technical editors. 2000. The impact of climate change on America's forests: a technical document supporting the 2000 USDA Forest Service RPA Assessment. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-59. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. p. 89-101
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 2000. Considerations for interpreting probabilistic estimates of uncertainty of forest carbon. In: Joyce, Linda A.; Birdsey, Richard, technical editors. 2000. The impact of climate change on America's forests: a technical document supporting the 2000 USDA Forest Service RPA Assessment. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-59. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. p. 102-111
• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S. 1998. Multidisciplinary views in modeling response to climate change: A workshop summary. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-251. Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 18 p.
• Woodbury, Peter B.; Smith, James E.; Weinstein, David A.; Laurence, John A. 1998. Assessing Potential Climate Change Effects on Loblolly Pine Growth: A Probabilistic Regional Modeling Approach. Forest Ecology and Management 107 (1998) 99-116
• Smith, James L.; Rust, Michael K. 1991. Factors Affecting the Tunneling Behavior of the Western Subterranean Termite, Reticulitermes Hesperus Banks. In: Haverty, Michael I.; Wilcox, W. Wayne, technical coordinators. 1991. Proceedings of the symposium on current research on wood-destroying organisms and future prospects for protecting wood in use; September 13, 1989; Bend, OR. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-128. Berkeley, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; p. 28-33
• Halverson, Howard G.; Smith, James L. 1979. Solar radiation as a forest management tool: a primer of principles and application. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-33. Berkeley, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 13 p
• Smith, James L.; Halverson, Howard G. 1979. Estimating snowpack density from Albedo measurement. Res. Pap. PSW-RP-136. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 13 p
• Halverson, Howard G.; Smith, James L. 1974. Controlling solar light and heat in a forest by managing shadow sources. Res. Paper PSW-RP-102. Berkeley, CA: Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 14 p

Research Datasets

• Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S.; Patel, Amit R. 2014. Forest carbon data for the 2008 US forest national greenhouse gas inventory. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2014-0032.

National Research Highlights

Better Estimates of Carbon Inventory in Dead Wood Now Available

Year: 2013

Researchers with the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program have sampled downed and dead woody material (DWM) since 2002 so most U.S. states now have a complete cycle of DWM data. As a result, for the first time, researchers used field measurements to obtain estimates of DWM biomass and carbon stocks for the FIA program's report and for DWM carbon estimates in the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory report.